Principles and biomechanics of aligner treatment:

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Diagnosis and treatment planning in the three-dimensional era.- current biomechanical rationale concerning composite attachments in aligner orthodontics.-clear aligner material structures ans properties.-theoretical and practical considerations in planning an orthodontic treatment with clear aligners.-class I maloccusion.- aligner treatment in class II malocclusion patients.- aligners in extraction cases.-open bite treatment with alihners.-deep bite.- interceptive orthodontics with aligners.-the hybrid approach in class II malocclusions treatment.-aligners and impacted canines.-aligner orthodontics in prerestorative patients.- with periodontitis.- sugery first with aligner therap.-pain during orthodontic treatment:biologic mechanisms and clincla management.-retention and stability following aligner therapy.-overcoming the limitations of aligner orthodontics a hybrid approach.